Proceedings of the International scientific and practical conference ―Toronto Congress of Advanced Research‖ (April 20-22, 2026) / Publisher website: www.naukainfo.com. – Toronto, Canada, 2026. - 174 p.

170 velocity above the model dam of 0.09 m/s or for the full-scale velocity of 0.44 m/s, which corresponds to a maximum discharge of 147.7 m 3 through the spillway of the warm compartment. For these velocities, the Froude number, calculated based on the flow depth above the dam under full-scale or laboratory conditions, is 0.12. Fig. 3a shows the results of velocity field measurements in the near-surface layer at a depth of (1-1.2) m for full-scale conditions. It was found that the velocity above the dam increases as the outlet section of the jet-directing structure is approached, and this is due to the braking effect of the dead-end section of the structure on the flow. Circulation regions and regions of stagnation of the flow are observed in the near- surface layer of the dead-end section of the structure. Along the screen, the flow is directed parallel to the screen and accelerates with distance from the dead-end section of the structure. Above the rising reservoir bottom (lines 19-21), the flow accelerates in the near-surface layer ahead of the screen and is directed relatively sharply toward the structure exit. In the area of the screen's curvature (lines 30-32), the flow impinges on the screen at high velocity. It was found that, under natural conditions, the maximum velocity in the near-surface layer at a depth of approximately 1 m occurs in the area of flow constriction and reaches values of approximately 0.65– 0.75 m/s. The velocity field in the near-bottom region of the investigated jet-directing structure model at a distance of approximately 0.02 m (0.5 m for the actual structure) is shown in Fig. 3b. Here, the velocity field differs significantly from that measured in the near-surface layer. Near the bottom, particularly in the dead-end region and the area of greatest depth ahead of the screen, a return current was recorded, directed from the screen toward the dam, which is confirmed by visual studies. Near the dam top, on the side of the jet-directing screen, a relatively high-velocity flow is observed, directed from the dead-end section of the structure toward its outlet. The velocity of this current increases with approach to the outlet of the structure, but near the shore protruding into the reservoir (flow narrowing), a low-velocity return flow was recorded. In the area of flow narrowing, the velocity of the bottom flow increases similar to the flow in the near-surface layer of the stream.