Proceedings of the International scientific and practical conference ―The Hague Conference on Science and Public Policy‖ (May 8-10, 2026) / Publisher website: www.naukainfo.com. – The Hague, Netherlands, 2026. - 232 p.

157 UDC 341.231.14:341.43 Siromska Hanna Mykolaivna PhD in History, Associate Professor Associate Professor at the Department of Social Sciences Lviv State University of Internal Affairs Lviv, Ukraine APPLICATION OF THE PRINCIPLE OF NON-REFOULEMENT TO FOREIGNERS IN THE PRACTICE OF THE EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS Abstract. The article examines the content and specific features of the application of the principle of non-refoulement to foreigners in the practice of the European Court of Human Rights. The international legal nature of the principle of non-refoulement and its normative consolidation in the Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees and the European Convention on Human Rights are analysed. Particular attention is devoted to the interpretation of Article 3 of the European Convention on Human Rights in the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights and to the development of the approach according to which the prohibition of refoulement applies to all forms of forced return of a person where there exists a real risk of torture, inhuman or degrading treatment. Based on the analysis of the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights, the article identifies the main criteria for the application of the principle of non- refoulement, including the concept of ―real risk‖, the individualized approach to the assessment of the circumstances of a case, as well as the importance of procedural safeguards in cases concerning the expulsion of foreigners. Keywords: foreigners, refugees, migrants, asylum seekers, non-refoulement, forced removal, Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, European Convention on Human Rights, European Court of Human Rights.