Proceedings of the International scientific and practical conference ―Education and Scientific Progress‖ (April 24-26, 2026) / Publisher website: www.naukainfo.com. – Manchester, United Kingdom, 2026. - 218 p.

19 institution does not exist, and its functions are performed by the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine. A general analysis of the state and state-guaranteed debt has shown the existing upward dynamics, which, unfortunately, continues throughout the entire period of the war. Attention is focused on the need for the government to focus its efforts on finding non-refundable money in order to avoid an already difficult situation with excessive debt burden and not create future pressure on public finances. Keywords: public debt; loans; state-guaranteed debt; grants; external debt; budget deficit; budget expenditures; borrowing; martial law The war unleashed by russia against Ukraine has created a new reality that affects various aspects, including the functioning of the public finances. The new objective reality is reflected in the annual growth of budget expenditures on the country's security and defense sector. In fact, this area is a priority in wartime, followed by social expenditures, maintenance of budget institutions, servicing the public debt, etc. The presence of public debt in peacetime is a serious challenge for any country, and especially for one that is at war and is forced to increase its defense potential to protect its sovereignty and territorial integrity. Due to the cessation of economic activity of a number of domestic enterprises, there has been a significant reduction in revenues to the state budget of Ukraine, and therefore, for example, capital expenditures are currently being financed to a limited extent. In conditions of martial law, the country's financial potential is forced, however, logically focused on military needs. Thus, according to the provisions of the resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine dated 09.06.2021 No. 590 "On approval of the Procedure for the exercise of powers by the State Treasury Service in a special regime under martial law" [1], first of all, expenditures are made for national security and defense and for the implementation of measures of the legal regime of martial law, equipping workplaces for the performance of functional duties by the operational staff of control points in possible locations of deployment of the Headquarters of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief, logistical, transport, social,