Proceedings of the International scientific and practical conference ―Science in the Era of Globalization‖ (May 22-24, 2026) / Publisher website: www.naukainfo.com. - Zurich, Switzerland, 2026. - 353 p.

103 Observation of water bodies is closely related to the forecast of their condition. Observations should include data on sources of pollution, on the composition and nature of pollution, on the reactions of aquatic organisms and changes in the condition of water bodies. The data of these observations should be compared with data on the natural condition of water bodies before the onset of noticeable anthropogenic impact, that is, it is necessary to have data on the "background" characteristics of the quality and quantity of water bodies. The main goal of establishing a system of observations on the level of pollution of water bodies is to obtain reliable information on the natural quality of water and analyze changes in water quality under the influence of anthropogenic factors. The system of monitoring water bodies solves the following tasks: – provides observation of the level of pollution of the aquatic environment by chemical, physical and hydrobiological indicators; – studies the dynamics of ZR and identifies the conditions under which various fluctuations in pollution levels occur; – studies the patterns of self-purification and self-recovery processes, as well as the accumulation of ZR in bottom sediments; – studies the patterns of removal of substances through the mouths of rivers into water bodies. The objects of state monitoring of natural waters of Ukraine include: – surface waters, which include natural water bodies (lakes) and watercourses (rivers, streams), artificial water bodies (reservoirs, ponds) and canals; – groundwater and springs; – internal sea waters and the territorial sea, the maritime economic zone of Ukraine; – sources of water pollution, including recycled waters, emergency discharges of liquid products and waste, losses of products and materials during the extraction of minerals within the water areas of surface and sea waters; – surface runoff waters from agricultural lands; – filtration of pollutants from technological reservoirs and storages;