Proceedings of the International scientific and practical conference ―Science and Society in Times of War‖ (June 5-7, 2026) / Publisher website: www.naukainfo.com. – Kharkiv, Ukraine, 2026. - 417 p.

415 the normative standards of the Geneva Conventions and the Rome Statute with the real practice of their observance by the parties to the conflict. The scientific novelty of the results obtained lies in the fact that the work substantiates for the first time the possibility of qualifying systemic and mass violations of the rights of prisoners of war in a modern armed conflict as crimes against humanity. The approach to determining the effectiveness of international control mechanisms has been improved and their actual dependence on the will of the detaining state has been proven. The theoretical position on the need for parallel application of the norms of international human rights law and international humanitarian law has been further developed. The existence of gaps in the regulation of the status of persons in modern hybrid conflicts has been substantiated and an approach to strengthening responsibility for violations of the captivity regime has been proposed. The practical significance of the results obtained lies in the possibility of their use in the activities of state authorities of Ukraine when documenting war crimes, in preparing materials for international judicial institutions, in law enforcement activities and in the educational process when teaching subjects on international humanitarian law. Keywords: international humanitarian law, prisoners of war, international armed conflict, combatants, Geneva Conventions, war crimes, Russian-Ukrainian war, Rome Statute, crimes against humanity, repatriation. Право на доступ до правосуддя є фундаментальним елементом верховенства права та однією з базових гарантій захисту особи як у мирний час, так і в умовах збройного конфлікту. Однак саме під час війни це право зазнає найбільш істотних обмежень, що зумовлює необхідність його переосмислення крізь призму міжнародного гуманітарного права. Особливої актуальності дана проблема набуває щодо військовополонених як категорії осіб, які фактично перебувають під повним контролем держави-утримувача та позбавлені реальних механізмів захисту своїх прав.